Surfactant chemical structure

Surfactant molecules have unique amphipathic properties: one end is a hydrophilic polar group, referred to as hydrophilic group, also known as oleophobic group or oleophobic group, such as -OH, -COOH, -SO3H, -NH2. Because of the short length of this type of group, it is sometimes called a hydrophilic head. The other end is a lipophilic non-polar group, referred to as lipophilic group, also known as hydrophobic group or hydrophobic group, such as R- (alkyl), Ar- (aryl). Due to the short length of this type of group, it is sometimes referred to as a hydrophobic tail. Two types of molecular groups with diametrically opposite structures and properties are located at both ends of the same molecule and are connected by chemical bonds, forming an asymmetric and polar structure, thus giving this special type of molecules both hydrophilic and hydrophilic properties. Oil, but not completely hydrophilic or lipophilic. This unique structure of surfactants is often called "amphiphilic structure", and surfactant molecules are therefore often called "amphiphilic molecules".